Disease Insects Pest Management Vegetables Weather

VCR – Vegetable Crop Report – June 11, 2020

The VCR (vegetable crop report) is a weekly update which includes crop updates, weather and growing degree summaries for various vegetable growing regions across Ontario. Continue Reading VCR – Vegetable Crop Report – June 11, 2020

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TemperatureHigh temperatures this past week allowed for Growing Degree Day values to catch up or surpass 10-year average values in all regions with the exception of Kemptville, which still lags marginally behind. Cooler temperatures are expected over the weekend before rising again towards the end of next week for most regions. Onion Maggot, Aster Leafhopper and Tarnished Plant bug thresholds have now been triggered in all regions. Carrot Rust Fly thresholds have been reached in Sudbury. Seedcorn Maggot thresholds are triggered in Essex and Sudbury, while Cabbage Maggot thresholds have been triggered in Huron, Wellington, Simcoe, and Durham counties, Peterborough, as well as Kemptville. Degree day data for each region is shown below.

Rainfall – Huron and Simcoe counties accumulated large amounts of rain yesterday and have now received around half the expected 10-year average value for June. No rain is forecasted for any region in the upcoming week. Precipitation data for each region is shown below.

Crop Updates

Asparagus – Harvest is wrapping up for this year’s asparagus crop. Fluctuating temperatures have encouraged Stemphylium purple spot in many areas. Some fields have high incidence so inoculum levels should be assumed to be high. Asparagus should be scouted to determine when spray programs should begin for Stemphylium and for rust.

Brassica Crops – Flea beetles, cutworms and imported cabbageworms are active. Cabbage maggot has reached it’s degree day threshold in all regions except for Sudbury.

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Imported cabbage worm larvae on Brussels sprouts leaves – June 11, 2020

 

Carrot –  Carrots are almost all seeded now and most have started to emerge. Hopefully the emerged carrot survived the storm and winds on Wednesday night. Carrot weevil are active right now and laying eggs so scout on the field borders and determine if the numbers are at threshold.

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Carrots emerging in the bunny ear stage.

 

Celery – Aster leafhopper and tarnished plant bugs are active and thresholds have been reached in all regions

Cucurbits – Cucumber beetle continues to cause direct damage in many areas and vine crops should be scouted for these. Thresholds are low for this pest because they carry the causative agent of bacterial wilt. Cucumbers and melon are more susceptible to bacterial wilt, and pumpkins and squash are more attractive to cucumber beetle. If there are beetle emergences in your area, be alert for these during their second emergence later this summer and consider planting trap plants or indicator plants.

Garlic – The number of adult leek moths trapped has been down over the past two weeks and it’s likely that the second flight will be occurring shortly. Target the next wave of leek moth larvae a week after the next peak of adults trapped. Scapes are starting to emerge across Ontario in ‘Music’ and other hard neck cultivars.

Leafy Greens – Cutworms pressure is high. Leafminers are active and will cause damage that is similar to frost (below). Cut a leaf and hold it up and you may be able to see the dark spots of the larvae within the leaf.

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Beet leafminer damage in Swiss chard – June 8, 2020

 

Onions – Many direct seeded onions have reached the 3rd leaf stage and some are even a little further along. Onion maggots and cutworms are active.

Potatoes – Potatoes are planted and many fields are starting to emerge and fill in the row. Overwintering Colorado Potato Beetles are out and laying eggs. Keep an eye out for egg masses under leaves and hatching larvae to determine how your seed or in-furrow insecticide is holding up. Now is a good time to spot any emergence or seed-borne issues. We have seen rhizoctonia in some fields but also look out for Fusarium dry rot, soft rot and potential seed-borne late blight.

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Rhizoctonia infecting emerging potato.
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Millipedes feeding on potato seed piece.

 

Rhubarb – Frost damaged rhubarb has recovered.

Sweet corn – Sweet corn is growing well

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Sweet corn in early June.

 

Tomatoes and Peppers – Transplants are coming along well, although some plants are suffering from heat stress and dry conditions. With storms coming through SW Ontario, transplants should be monitored for wind damage and potentially hail in some areas. Early season insect pressure has been low overall this season, but cutworm larvae have been active in other crops. For a refresher on what to be scouting for this time of year, check out this previous blog post on early season insect pests.

 

NOTE: Data as of June 10th, 2020

Pest Degree Day Forecasting

PestCarrot Rust FlyOnion Maggot Carrot WeevilAster LeafhopperTarnished Plant Bug Cabbage Maggot Seedcorn MaggotEuropean Corn Borer 
THRESHOLD329-395, 1399-1711210-700, 1025-1515138-156, 455+128+40+314-398, 847-960, 1446-1604200-350, 600-750, 1000-1150See legend below
Essex*702621425331220483621292
Chatham-Kent*609534362278163411534241
Norfolk**610535352268157404535231
Huron***497439299223121340439188
Wellington**491428284213121326428182
Simcoe County***490428289217127331428187
Durham***526460304230130347460197
Peterborough499433284210116326433178
Kemptville***502439286214121328439183
Sudbury***386342235183103265342158

 

*- Bivoltine region for ECB. First Peak Catch: 300-350 DD, Second Peak Catch 1050-1100 DD

**- Overlap region for ECB. First Peak Catch : 300-350 DD Second Peak Catch 650-700 DD, Third Peak Catch 1050-1100 DD

***-Univoltine region for ECB. Peak Catch 650-700 DD

Use these thresholds as a guide, always confirm insect activity with actual field scouting and trap counts.

 

Select a region below for the latest weather, crop and pest degree day information:

Essex County

Chatham-Kent County

Norfolk County

Huron County

Wellington County

Simcoe County

Durham County

Peterborough

Kemptville

Sudbury

Essex County

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Chatham-Kent County

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Norfolk County

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Huron County

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Wellington County

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Simcoe County

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Durham County

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Peterborough

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Kemptville

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Sudbury

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